Regıonal Organızatıons

Yanıt Açıklaması: Regional development bank (RDB) usually refers to four institutions: African Development Bank (AfDB), Asian Development Bank (ADB), European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). However, the World Bank is not one of these RDBs.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The MDBs (multilateral development banks) are among the international community’s immense success stories during post–World War II period. They were established to address a market failure in long-term cash flow to Europe devastated by the conflict and developing countries and they have been integrating financial capacity and technical knowledge for decades to support the investments of borrowing members during post conflict restructuring, growth incentive, and poverty reduction. All three statements are correct.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Council of the European Union: another institution of the European Union that consists of ministers of the EU Member States who discuss and prepare EU legislation. Together with the European Parliament, it’s the main legislative body. It’s located in Brussels, Belgium.

Yanıt Açıklaması: ‘Democratic deficit’ is a term used by people who argue that the EU institutions and their decision-making procedures suffer from a lack of democracy and seem inaccessible to the ordinary citizen due to their complexity. The real EU democratic deficit seems to be the absence of European politics. EU voters do not feel that they have an effective way to reject a ‘government’, they do not like, and to change, in some ways, the course of politics and policy.

Yanıt Açıklaması: In 1991, the General Assembly’s Resolution 1080 emphasized that “one of the basic purposes of the OAS is to promote and consolidate representative democracy, with due respect for the principle of non-intervention.”

Yanıt Açıklaması: International non-governmental organizations (INGOs) have become an integrated part of international politics where they play significant roles that fit their agenda.

Yanıt Açıklaması: An NGO is not a political party, business organization, criminal group, and violent organization.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The INGOs have been successful in a number of endeavors and initiatives, particularly when they deal with a normative issue. However, their influence and success are not limited to such issues as human rights and environmental issues; they have also been successful in what could be regarded as issues of high politics, including the international security. Additionally, the INGOs have been active in not only developed and democratic countries but also in non-democratic and repressive ones. This confirms that the INGOs, although originated in the West, have become a global component of international policy-making.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Financial liberalization was not the main purpose of the pre-1980s financial policies. It was promoted after the 1980s.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The Maastricht Treaty, also known as European Union Treaty, was signed on 7th February, 1992 in Maastricht, Netherlands and came into force in 1993. While this treaty established the European Union in today’s context, it also enhanced the authority of the European Parliament in the decision making process and created new areas of cooperation. The correct choice is E.

Yanıt Açıklaması: To ensure fair representation, 19 members of the Committee in the ECOSOC are elected. There are 4 countries elected from the African States, ad nth term of office of its members is four years. So only I and II are correct.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The Maastricht Treaty, also known as European Union Treaty, was signed on 7th February, 1992 in Maastricht, Netherlands and came into force in 1993. While this treaty established the European Union in today’s context, it also enhanced the authority of the European Parliament in the decision making process and created new areas of cooperation.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Integrating developing countries into the international financial architecture requires coping with four issues: First issue: developing countries have to perform a number of tasks in order to stabilize their economies. Second issue: executing the second generation reforms to provide an institutional setting suitable for a modern economy. Third issue: countries where the above-mentioned tasks have already been achieved or advanced to a large extent will need to defeat the resistance of markets in financing developing countries on a continual basis. All three statements are correct.

Yanıt Açıklaması: There are three types of membership, namely, full membership, associate membership and observer status.

Yanıt Açıklaması: From the 1970s the transformation of OAU was discussed due to international economic and political developments. The Sirte (Libya) Declaration on 9 September 1999 emphasized that OAU was then “unity”. In 2000 the Lome Summit (Togo) The Constitutive Act of the African Union was adopted and at the Lusaka (Zambia) Summit in 2001, a roadmap was accepted for put the AU into effect.The Heads of State and Government of 53 African countries attended the Durban Summit in 2002 and the African Union was formed by merging the African Union Organization and the African Economic Community. The correct choice is E.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Originally issued by the Basel Committee in 1997, the core principles for effective banking supervision were last revised by the Committee in September 2012. The revised Core Principles define 29 principles that are broadly categorised into two groups: the first group (1 to 13) focus on powers, responsibilities and functions of supervisors, while the second group (14 to 29) focus on prudential regulations and requirements for banks.

Yanıt Açıklaması: To ensure fair representation, 19 members of the Committee in the ECOSOC are elected on the basis of the following scheme: • 5 members from the African States; • 4 members from the Asian States; • 2 members from the Eastern European States; • 4 members from the Latin American and Caribbean States; and • 4 members from the Western European and other States.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Like other non-state actors, the NGOs have gained prominence after the end of World War II., a period where the UN was formed for a better-working web of global governance.

Yanıt Açıklaması: A country’s voting shares and level of board representation are based on the size of its economy and its financial contributions to the institution. The United States is the single largest shareholder in the IDB and the EBRD. At the ADB, the United States is tied with Japan for the largest financial commitment. At the AfDB, the United States is the second largest shareholder after Nigeria. Among regional members, China and India are large contributors to the ADB; Egypt and South Africa are large contributors to the AfDB; Argentina, Brazil, and Venezuela are large contributors to the IDB; and Russia is a large contributor to the EBRD.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Achieving these objectives would have involvements in various extensions for the RDBs. RDBs would need to: Develop new financial instruments; Plan and fashion particular lending policies; Bring their capacity to produce and disseminate knowledge/best practices into a more desirable condition.