Regıonal Organızatıons

Yanıt Açıklaması: The Committee is responsible for establishing and enforcing the OAS’ regional security strategies and policies. Especially after the Cold War, OAS has begun to deal with security issues in a wide scope. OAS’ security diary consists of: • Demining • Disarmament • Drugs • Multidimensional Security • Public Security • Cyber Security • Terrorism

Yanıt Açıklaması: The temporary presidency is the head position and representant of the UNASUR. President pro tempore is governed by a year and rotated among the member countries between each UNASUR meeting. Main functions of President pro tempore are (UNASUR, 2018b): • To organize and preside the meetings of UNASUR’s bodies, • To Represent UNASUR in international events, • To undertake commitments and sign declarations with third parties after having obtained the previous consent of the appropriate bodies of UNASUR. • To direct ministerial councils of the UNASUR

Yanıt Açıklaması: According to Cartagena Agreement, also known as the Andean Pact, the main purpose is to promote the balanced and harmonious development of themember states. Accelerating the growth of the Andean countries and creation of jobs, facilitating participation in the regional integration process with the aim of gradually creating a Latin American common market, helping to reduce the external vulnerability of the member countries and improve their position in the international economic context, strengthening subregional solidarity and reducing the differences in development that exist among the member states, defining social policies oriented toward improving the quality of life of different subregional groups and improving their access to the benefits of development are other purposes in the same direction. The correct choice is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: In the second article of the Charter explains the aims of the organization, such as to achieve an effective limitation of conventional weapons that will make it possible to devote the largest amount of resources to the economic and social development of the member states.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Normative issue is concerned with how people should act, what sort of person one should be or what sorts of policies should be implemented. It is normative in the sense that it identifies the norms and/or standards of right and wrong actions and behaviors.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Mks stands for surplus of product in sectors tha do not use financial intermediaries (their average weighted share in GNP).

Yanıt Açıklaması: The concept of high politics covers all matters that are vital to the very survival of the state: namely national and international security concerns

Yanıt Açıklaması: The Court of Justice is an institution that is in a position to ensure the smooth processing and good governance of human rights in Africa. The functions of the Court of Justice are adressed with four titles, one of which is: To undertake studies and research on human and human rights in Africa and to bring related materials together.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The European Commission exercises executive power within the institutional structure of the EU. It is responsible for looking after EU’s interests as a whole. The preparation of legislative proposals, the application of EU’s policies are among the duties of the Commission. It is also charged with guarding of the founding treaties and it is its duty to warn any member state in case of violation of the treaties. The correct choice is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: These five regional groups are Africa (GAFS), Asia-Pacific (GASS), Eastern Europe (EEC), Latin America and Caribbean (GRULAC), Western Europe and Other States (WEOG). Although they are called “regional”, its post-war origins can be observed in the decision of creating groups called “Eastern Europe” and “Western Europe and Other States”.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The Council of Heads of State (CHS) is the supreme body of the SCO. It determines the priorities and main directions of the SCO’s activities, solves the fundamental issues of its internal structure and functioning, interaction with other states and international organizations, and also considers the most pressing international problems.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Under Article 70 of the UN Charter, the NGOs are recognized the following status: “The Economic and Social Council may make arrangements for representatives of the specialized agencies to participate, without vote, in its deliberations and in those of the commissions established by it, and for its representatives to participate in the deliberations of the specialized agencies.”

Yanıt Açıklaması: An inter governmental organization or international governmental organization (IGO) is an organization composed primarily of sovereign states (referred to as member states), or of other intergovernmental organizations. Intergovernmental organizations are called international organizations, although that term may also include international non-governmental organization such as international nonprofit organizations or multinational corporations. Intergovernmental organizations are an important aspect of public international law. IGOs are established by a treaty that acts as a charter creating the group. Treaties are formed when lawful representatives (governments) of several states go through a ratification process, providing the IGO with an international legal personality.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The missions and the arrangement of NATO’s military assets have evolved sharply since the main threat has converted from by the Warsaw Pact armies into the crises or wars that may break out in near or far geographical areas that will threaten NATO’s interests. This extension of NATO’s field of intervention to new missions beyond the strict defensive framework of territory defending dates back to the early 1990s when the Organization used its military forces beyond the NATO borders. However, France fiercely opposes NATO’s transformation into a global security organization. The correct choice is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: In the second article of the Charter explains the aims of the organization: • To strengthen the peace and security of the continent. • To promote and consolidate representative democracy, with due respect for the principle of nonintervention. • To prevent possible causes of difficulties and to ensure the pacific settlement of disputes that may arise among the member states. • To provide for common action on the part of those states in the event of aggression. • To seek the solution of political, judicial, and economic problems that may arise among them. • To promote, by cooperative action, their economic, social, and cultural development. • To eradicate extreme poverty, which constitutes an obstacle to the full democratic development of the peoples of the hemisphere. • To achieve an effective limitation of conventional weapons that will make it possible to devote the largest amount of resources to the economic and social development of the member states.

Yanıt Açıklaması: China and other key borrowers took leadership in inventing two new MDBs strongly aimed at providing infrastructure: Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the New Development Bank (NDB).

Yanıt Açıklaması: General conviction in the literature suggests that the end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the bipolar world order created greater opportunities for the INGOs for several reasons. First, in the absence of constant friction between two major poles in world politics, the players of international politics had more incentives towards international cooperation in favor of humanitarian action rather than interstate rivalries. Second, recognition of global and regional problems by the international community amplified the significance of the role that the INGOs may play to address these problems. Multilateral processes were thus viewed as proper avenues for the INGO involvement. Their growing presence in the UN-led initiatives was a direct result of this tendency. Third, the INGOs were able to exercise greater influence because of the inherent advantage associated with their features and characteristics. The INGOs may, by virtue of their small size and flexible administration, easily adapt themselves to the changing circumstances and avoid complex procedures mostly peculiar to bureaucracies of national governments.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The Protocol of Ouro Petro established three decision making bodies:the Common Market Council (CMC), the Common Market Group (GMC) and the MERCOSUR Trade Commission (CCM). Moreover, the Protocol of Ouro Petro created other bodies of representative and consulting nature such as the Joint Parliamentary Commission, which was later replaced by the MERCOSUR Parliament and the Economic and Social Consulting Forum.

Yanıt Açıklaması: European Council: an institution of the European Union that consists of the heads of government of the EU Member States, the European Commission President and the High Representative for Foreign Affairs & Security Policy. It’s located in Brussels, Belgium, but meetings are often held in the other cities.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Financial institutions mainly perform two important economic tasks: To manage the fund generation and payment mechanisms and to bring investors and savers closer with fund owners and borrowers.