Internatıonal Organızatıon And Global Governance

Yanıt Açıklaması: According to Rod Rhodes, the concept of governance refers to: • Collective governance, • New public management, • Good governance, • Interdependency, • Socio-cybernetic systems, • New political economy, • Networks. Therefore, the correct option is A.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The Bretton Woods System is created for a monetary regime based on the US dollar as the reserve currency to regulate the global exchange rates. Therefore, the correct answer is A.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) is considered the most complex body of the UN system, the council aims to promote the welfare of the individuals, find solutions to global economic, social and health problems, and support human rights (Karns, Mingst, and Stiles, 2015: 129).

Yanıt Açıklaması: Members of G-20; Argentina, France, Japan, South Korea,  Australia,  Germany,  Mexico,  Turkey,  Brazil, India, Russia, United Kingdom, Canada, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, United States, China, Italy, South Africa, and  European Union. The correct answer is C.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Core International Human Rights Treaties are below; International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment Convention on the Rights of the Child International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

Yanıt Açıklaması: Civil society is a public space in which autonomous groups and associations operate independently from governments. Global civil society refers to a domain where transnational non-governmental organizations and other transnational actors interact. Therefore, the correct option is E.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The Security Council has also powers to take diplomatic or economic measures against an aggressor state. Most importantly, it can authorize military action. The correct answer is B.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Order in narrow sense refers to the absence of war in the system, and the concept on which scholars have elaborated for achieving that kind of order is the management of power. The correct answer is C.

Yanıt Açıklaması: It may be helpful to reflect on whether the concept of ‘great power’ can be used interchangebly with concepts such as ‘superpower’ and ‘hegemon’. The concept of great power may refer to superpower, as was the case during the Cold War. However, great power also refers to hegemon, if there is only one great power dominating the international system. Looking at the polarity in the system, Welch and Nye conclude that “we usually call the strongest country within a unipolar system a hegemon (from the Greek meaning “leader”); we call the strongest countries in a modern bipolar system superpowers; and we call the strongest countries within multipolar systems great powers”. Therefore, the correct option is B.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Great powers manage international affairs through: preserving the general balance of power, seeking to avoid or control crises in their relations with one another, seeking to limit or contain wars among one another, unilaterally exploiting their local preponderance, agreeing to respect one another’s spheres of influence. The correct answer is E.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The major outcome of The Hague Conference was the creation of the International Court of Arbitration, which was designed as a permanent international body for states to settle international disputes by judicial means. This showed the will of the participant states to reinforce the role of international law in international relations.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Indonesia is a member of G-20. The correct choice is A.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The correct answer is E.The League had five major objectives: • to prevent future wars, • to enforce disarmament, • to promote the international law, • to provide with people better conditions of living, • to enforce the peace treaties signed in Paris, primarily the Treaty of Versailles.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Functionalism, as another Idealist proposal for world order, argues for the organization of international cooperation not along the line of territoriality but of specific social and economic activities. It stresses cooperative nature of world politics rather than international conflicts and, as such, addresses the problem of war and peace indirectly. The assumption here is that cooperation in economic and social activities would gradually help states to achieve mutual understanding and solve their differences, that is, cooperation in nonpolitical issues would “spill over” to political issues.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Human security is defined by the UN General Assembly (Resolution 66/290) as “an approach to assist member states in identifying and addressing widespread and cross-cutting challenges to the survival, livelihood and dignity of their people” (www.un.org)

Yanıt Açıklaması: Defensive activities refer to those activities of international NGOs to develop new policies and agendas, usually in the face of changing conditions.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The General Assembly is the main deliberative body where all members of the organization can make their voice heard (Hanhimaki, 2008:33).

Yanıt Açıklaması: The key events that had impact on the creation of the UN are the Concert of Europe, The Hague Conferences, international public unions, and the League of Nations. The correct answer is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The UN General Assembly and the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) play crucial roles in global social and economic governance. Therefore, the correct answer is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The principle organs of the UN are General Assemply, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Secreteriat,Informational Court of Justice and Trusteeship Council.