Theorıes Of Internatıonal Relatıons I

Yanıt Açıklaması: Economic nationalism refers to an ideology that favors state interventionism in the economic sphere. The nationalists believe that closing off an economy to external influences can be beneficial to growth and economic progress. Thus, economic nationalism can be defined as a mixture of trade protectionism and economic planning, with an aim to preserve national interests in the context of world markets.The correct answer is"B".

Yanıt Açıklaması: The correct answer is E because it is one of the six characteristics of the School Wilson (1989) describes.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The correct answer is B.

Yanıt Açıklaması: International regimes can be defined as explicit or implicit norms, rules, principles and decision making processes related to certain issue areas/subjects. Thus, the correct answer is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Kantian

Yanıt Açıklaması: Social contract theory depends on the assumption that the individuals might voluntarily bind themselves to the certain principles.

Yanıt Açıklaması: According to Kant, an individual has the freedom to choose right, ethic and moral, and his behaviors are not determined in advance. But, he has responsibilities and obligations to perform and to obey to the ethical laws accepted as right by universal reason. The ethical laws are known to individuals, and they are universally obligatory rules for all humankind.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Empirical theories intensify on the real reasons of relations between statesmen and foreign policy.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The British Committee emerged as a result of ironically an American initiative. Kenneth Thompson, whom was a member of the (American) Committee on the Theory of International Politics founded in 1954, suggested the idea as he thought that a similar committee in Britain would help the study of international relations.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The liberal approach can perhaps be best summarized by the writings of Adam Smith (1723- 1790), a famous English economist. Smith argues that the key to national wealth, and therefore national power, is economic growth. The key to economic growth is free trade, the free flow of goods, services and investment across borders .The correct answer is "A".

Yanıt Açıklaması: Hidemi Suganami (1983) agreed with Jones on the existence of a distinct school and called it as “British institutionalist approach”. He identified five factors that united the authors of this approach: 1) aspiration to werthfreiheit (morally neutral analysis), 2) rejection of behaviourism or scientism, 3) reliance on sociological methods (institutional analysis), 4) unity and specificity of the states- system (autonomy of IR) 5) rejection of utopianism. Suganami however disagreed with Jones and considered the contribution of the School to be significant and consequently he did not call for a closure.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The principle of non-intervention involves the right of every sovereign State to conduct its affairs without outside interference.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Advocates of MNCs argue that they create job opportunities for many and technologically advanced goods. It is also said that MNCs tend to establish operations in markets where their capital is most efficient or wages are lowest. By producing the same quality of goods at lower costs, multinationals reduce prices and increase the purchasing power of consumers worldwide.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Regime theory is a theory for explaining and understanding the international cooperation intending the coordination and harmonization of interest among nations. Thus, the correct answer is A.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Theory of International regimes has been criticized in different aspects, some of these critiques are acceptance of the states as basic actors and ignorance of the non-state actors. While the advocators of regime theories reply that even these actors might be influential in political process, in final stage the states do make the decision as a dominant actor in IR, which are determined through power relations. Some critics of the theory claim that regime theory can only be applied to liberal states. But the defenders of this theory respond that all states, more or less at least for some issues, would need a regime in IR. As noted earlier, increasing economic welfare and security concerns would enforce the states to sacrifice some of their powers emanating from sovereignty. Therefore, the correct option is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The correct answer is C

Yanıt Açıklaması: Liberal economists usually extoll the virtues of MNCs, and even go so far as to arguing that they result in an interdependence in international trade. This, in turn, requires states to put aside their national differences for economic wellbeing, resulting in peace.

Yanıt Açıklaması: It can be stated that in certain conditions, states would not need to form a regime to coordinate their cooperation or eliminate the conflicts: Firstly, states wouldn’t need to form a regime, if they have opportunity to behave unilaterally without jeopardizing the interests of others. Secondly, if states having common interest could behave in the same manner, they don’t need an international regime. Finally, if the best strategy of one state is the better of the worst strategy of the others, then states would not need to establish a regime to act in the same way. The correct answer is E.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Post-modernism rejects the traditional approaches which are concerned with the general principles and universal rules that science and society would be managed by. The reflection to science is discerned as positivism which is relevant to objective knowledge and scientific methodology depending on observable and empirical research methods. Postmodernists are clearly opposing to a general methodology to be applied in all fields of sciences. Therefore, universal rules and principles shouldn’t be applied to science. In this context, incomparability and uncountability are main theoretical problems for science. Accordingly, different justice and truth positions cannot be compared with each other. In conclusion it is difficult to believe that only one truth or one reason and one universal social life position would be valid for all, and for progress of history. The answer is B.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Realists approaches to regimes argues that: Regimes enable states to coordinate. Regimes generate differential benefits for states. Power is the central feature of regime formation and survival. The nature of world order depends on the underlying principles and norms of regimes. Thus, the correct answer is E.