Introduction to Law

Yanıt Açıklaması: There are five main sub branches of civil law. These are: 1. Law of persons 2. Family law 3. Law of succession 4. Law of property 5. Law of obligations Civil Code governs the first four sub-branches and the Code of Obligations governs the last subbranch. Therefore, the correct option is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: A joint stock corporation must have the following three organs to function: General Assembly, Board of Directors, and Statutory Auditors. General Assembly is the decision making organ of a joint stock company where each shareholder has the right and duty to participate and vote either personally or through a proxy. e general assembly meets regularly at least once a year (ordinary general assembly meeting/annual meeting) and where necessary extraordinarily. The correct answer is B.

Yanıt Açıklaması: One of the major concerns of criminal law is decreasing rate of crime.

Yanıt Açıklaması: There are five main sub branches of civil law. These are; law of persons, family law, law of succession, law of property and law of obligations. Commercial law is not main sub branches of civil law. The correct answer is E.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Article 22 of the Competition Law regulates the rules related to the composition of the Competition Board. The Competition Board is composed of 7 members who will be appointed by the Council of Ministers from among candidates nominated from the organs stated in the Law. Following institutions for each vacant membership: Ministry of Customs and Trade, Ministry of Development, Turkish Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges, Supreme Court of Appeals, and Council of State. The correct answer is E.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Theft is a crime and it is not solely an interdiction reason.

Yanıt Açıklaması: People can marry with their cousins in Turkish law.

Yanıt Açıklaması: There are five main sub branches of civil law. These are: 1. Law of persons 2. Family law 3. Law of succession 4. Law of property 5. Law of obligations

Yanıt Açıklaması: The answer must be submitted within two weeks from the date of the service of the complaint to the defendant.

Yanıt Açıklaması: In declaration of absence there are two different situations. In the first case, it is highly probable that a person is dead because he or she has disappeared in extremely life-threatening circumstances. In the second case, a person has been missing for a lengthy period of time without any sign of life. This is a situation in which a person has disappeared without any reason. In that case, “five years” should be waited since the last sign of life before the application to the court. The correct answer is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: There are four conditions for unjust enrichment to exist: 1. There must be enrichment in the property of a person. 2. There must be a decrease in the value of property of another person. 3. The enrichment must be without a just cause 4. There must be a causal relation between the enrichment and the decrease in the value of property.

Yanıt Açıklaması: There are five main sub branches of civil law. These are: 1. Law of persons 2. Family law 3. Law of succession 4. Law of property 5. Law of obligations, Therefore, the correct option is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The common point of these legal traditions is being part of religious law tradition. So the correct answer is C.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Article 48 “Everyone has the freedom to work and conclude contracts in the field of his/her choice. Establishment of private enterprises is free. The State shall take measures to ensure that private enterprises operate in accordance with national economic requirements and social objectives and in security and stability”. Article 167; "The State shall take measures to ensure and promote the sound, orderly functioning of the money, credit, capital, goods and services markets; and shall prevent the formation, in practice or by agreement, of monopolies and cartels in the markets. In order to regulate foreign trade for the benefit of the economy of the country, the Council of Ministers may be empowered by the law to introduce or lift additional financial impositions on imports, exports and other foreign transactions in addition to tax and similar impositions.” In order to regulate foreign trade for the interests of the country’s economy the Council of Ministers may be empowered by law to introduce or remove additional financial duties other than taxes and similar duties on imports exports and other foreign trade transactions. Article 172 is a specific provision for the protection of consumers that sets forth the duty of the State to take measures to protect and inform consumers and encourage the initiatives to protect themselves.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Any person who unlawfully causes loss or damage to another, whether willfully or negligently, is obliged to provide compensation. When all the above mentioned elements exist, a person is subject to tortuous liability. Unlawfulness is the avoidance of the compulsory legal rules that safeguard a person in her person and/or property. A person who willfully causes loss or damage to another in an immoral manner is likewise obliged to provide compensation. The correct answer is B.

Yanıt Açıklaması: This situation is known as presumption of absence in law. It is highly probable that a person is dead because he or she has disappeared in extremely life-threatening circumstances. In that case the next of kin (the next of kin may be any person deriving rights from his or her death) has to wait for one year and then apply to the court. The correct answer is A.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Freedom of press is not included. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

Yanıt Açıklaması: A person should first have the capacity to marry, which means that a person to marry should first of all have discretion . Second requirement is related with age . People normally reach majority at the end of 18 years, but a person at the age of 17 can get married with the permission of the parents. Furthermore, marriage between close relatives is prohibited, and monogamy is one of the essential principles of marriage. As required in any legal transaction, the declaration of intention by the parties is a must in marriage. According to the Turkish Civil Code, the man and the woman must express orally their will to get married in front of an official authorized (civil registrar). Consent of parents is not required to get married unless one of the partners is not younger than 18 years of age. The correct answer is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: A person who has capacity to act has the capacity to acquire rights and incur obligations through his/her own actions. In order to have full capacity, a person should have attained majority, should be capable of making fair judgements and should not be restricted. however, a person's capacity may be restricted for certain legal transaction, in which case he/she has limited capacity. It is mostly acknowledged that married persons are also of limited capacity mainly because of regulations related to family domicile. The correct answer is B.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Intention is one of the subjective element of crime.