Final Sınavı - Introduction to Sociology

Soru 1:

Which of the following is false about the term “anomie”?

A) It is a state of normlessness and irregularity. B) It was first used by Durkheim. C) It is a personal state of mind. D) It is caused by structural stress. E) It arises when the norms expire.

Soru 2:

According to which sociological perspective is culture considered as a reflection of the material production system?

A) Marxist Perspective B) Functionalist Perspective C) Frankfurt School D) Birmingham School E) Symbolic Interactionist Approach

Soru 3:

Which of the following is an example of organized crime?

A) Gambling B) Illegal sales C) Tax evasion D) Copyright violations E) Electronic money laundering

Soru 4:

Which one of the following can be considered as the most important component of the definition of deviance?

A) Violation of cultural norms B) Legally expressed in law C) Rewarded or punished acts D) Departing from a path E) Fitting to expectations

Soru 5:

How did Emile Durkheim approach to the issue of religion?

A) As a phenomenon that serves as a particular function in society B) As a phenomenon that creates a conflict between groups in the society C) As a phenomenon that is primarily theological D) As a phenomenon that emerges from economic mode of production of market economies E) As a phenomenon that serves to the interests of powerful classes

Soru 6:

Which sociological theory differs from others by denying inherently deviant characteristics?

A) Structural approach B) Marxist approach C) Chicago approach D) Functionalist approach E) Interactive approach

Soru 7:

Which of the following does NOT share similar characteristics with ethnocentrism?

A) Heterophobia B) Islamophobia C) Chauvinism D) Racism E) Ethnorelativism

Soru 8:

I.Hypercommodification II.Hyper-rationalization III.Hyperdifferentiation Which of the above are the main areas of postmodernisation?

A) Only I B) Only II C) Only III D) I and II E) I, II and III

Soru 9:

Who suggests that religion often has ideological implications, serving to justify the interests of ruling classes at the expense of others?

A) M. Weber B) E. Durkheim C) P. Berger D) K. Marx E) T. Luckmann

Soru 10:

"_________is a system of meanings and significance created historically, or, in other words, it is a system of beliefs and customs that a group of people use in order to understand, organize, and structure their individual and collective lives. It is a way of understanding and organizing human life." Which of the following can be used to complete the definition above?

A) Interaction B) Globalisation C) Diversity D) Culture E) Tradition

Soru 11:

Which of the following is not among the main differences between the nuclear and extended family?

A) Extended families are economically self-sufficient while economic dependence is high in nuclear families. B) Nuclear families are small and geographicallyisolated. Extended families are more crowded, include many members of the kin group and have geographic proximity. C) For nuclear families, marital bonds aremore important than blood ties, thus they are named “conjugal families”. D) Because nuclear families are small sized,members can increase their personal development and freedom much more when compared to extended families. Since nuclear families are autonomous, individualization is easier in these families. E) The members of the nuclear family have toget emotional support and protection from people outside the kin group. In respect of the extended family, the kin network within the family provides a source of emotional support and protection.

Soru 12:

I. Religion is a form of culture. II. Religion involves beliefs that take the form of ritualized practices-special activities. III. Religion provides a feeling that life is ultimately meaningful. IV. Religion could be useful or harmful for society. Which ones of the above are key elements of sociological definition of religion?

A) I and II B) II and III C) I, II and III D) II, III and IV E) III and IV

Soru 13:

Durkheim’s functionalist approach considers religion as fundamental part of a society and...

A) considers religion as opium and consolation B) considers religion a sort of protest C) focuses solely on solidarity and integrating functions of religion D) argues that religion helps people construct a universe of meaning in order to understand and interpret the world E) justifies the authenticity and reality of constructing a universe of meaning

Soru 14:

What is the term that can be defined as "the thoughts or principles that are thought to be true and necessary by the majority of its members in order to sustain the existence of a society or a social group"?

A) Norm B) Culture C) Value D) Justice E) Tradition

Soru 15:

reinforces the collective conscience. through its rituals, fulfills a number of social functions such as binding people together physically, promoting social cohesion, reaffirming the group’s beliefs and values. binds people together (social cohesion), promotes behavior consistency (social control) and offers strength during life’s transitions and tragedies (meaning and purpose). justifies existing inequalities in income and power in society by explaining the position on the rich and poor as “the will of God”. provides comfort for the poor, and drew their attention away from their present misery and the inequalities and injustices of this world with promises of a future, golden life after death. Which of the above are arguments of functionalist theory on religion developed by Durkheim in order to describe the functions of religion?

A) I and II B) IV and V C) I, II and III D) I, IV and V E) III, IV and V

Soru 16:

Which one is NOT true about the recent changes in family life patterns in Western societies?

A) The influence of extended families andother kin groups is declining. B) The rights of women and children areincreasingly recognized. C) Alternative patterns outside the conventionalmarriage patterns and stable reproductive and cohabiting relationships are increasing. D) Divorce incidence is decreasing. E) Single-parent families are increasing.

Soru 17:

Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) is one of the earliest functional theorists.Which one of the following statements is right about Emile Durkheim’s views on religion?

A) He believed religion maintains inequality and perpetuates the status quo. B) He believed religion strengthens the unity of society. C) He believed religion was a precipitator of social change. D) For him, religion was just an extension of working-class’ economic suffering. E) He believed religion reflects the social stratification of society.

Soru 18:

Sociologists define religion as a cultural system of commonly shared beliefs. According to this definition, what are the key elements of religion?

A) Religion includes the values and norms. B) Religion is worship. C) Religion is form of culture, ritualized practices and life is ultimately meaningful. D) Religion is creed and teaching. E) Religion is moral code.

Soru 19:

Judging (which is generally disdaining) other cultures by looking from the value system of one’s own culture, and by taking his/her cultural values as a foreground is called …………. Which one of the followings does fill the blank at best?

A) Cultural imperyalism B) Cultural lag C) Collective subjectivity D) Cultural globalization E) Ethnocentrism

Soru 20:

It is suggested that nuclear families are temporary units. What is the reason for this?

A) Marital bonds are more important than blood ties in nuclear families. B) It is hard for nuclear families to transmit a family culture to the children. C) In nuclear families, there is minimal contact with the kin group. D) Individualization is easier in these families. E) They decompose with the death of the parents or the marriage of children.