İşletme Yönetimi

Yanıt Açıklaması: “Controls relate to organization as a whole” is a true statement about Strategic Controls. The other choices are about Tactical Controls.

Yanıt Açıklaması: These are all contemporary leadership models. The concept of leadership has been subject to change in organizational settings. The emerging dimensions of technology, communication, human relations, and social interaction force new leader figures and new ways of leading people. Consequently, some leadership styles that are recently introduced are charismatic/visionary leadership, leader-member exchange theory, transformational and transactional leadership servant leadership, team leadership, and authentic leadership. contemporary leadership approach has its own details, one common feature of different contemporary leadership styles is the increasing importance of human asset, thus inclusiveness and communication.

Yanıt Açıklaması: “The number of the products in the market” is not one of the principal models of market structure.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Task-oriented behaviors indicate a focus on production and technical aspects of a job.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Development level or readiness of employees are determined based on: their commitment to their job (willingness, motivation, confidence) and their competency level (knowledge, skills, confidence, experience). Employee: Competent; not committed enough due to lack of confidence? Leadership: Supporting –high supportive, low directive Employee: Not committed; incompetent Leadership: Coaching -high supportive, high directive Employee: Committed; competent Leadership: Delegating -low supportive, low directive Employee: Committed; incompetent due to lack of skills or experience? Leadership: Directing -low supportive, high directive

Yanıt Açıklaması: Steps in the basic control process follow the logic of planning: III, I, IV, II.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Steps in the basic control process follow the logic of planning: (1) establish standards and methods to measure performance, (2) measure performance, (3) compare the actual performance with the established standards, whether performance matches the standard and then (4) taking corrective action as needed.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The organizing function is concerned with arranging and assigning tasks, allocating resources, and structuring work in order to reach organizational objectives. The correct answer is A.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The history of management thought does not refer to a chronological listing of events. The appropriate approach to study the history of management should be developing an understanding of the impact of environmental forces?that affect organizations. Such a historical perspective is a?way to achieve strategic thinking, see the big picture, and?improve conceptual skills. us, analysis of social, political, ?economic, and technological forces that affect management?practices over time serves as a good starting point.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Feedforward controls are designed to detect and anticipate deviations from standards at various points before work is performed. Feedforward controls prevents problems before the operation takes place. This form of operational control focuses on the quality, quantity, and characteristics of the inputs into the production process.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Accountants need to pay full attention to the details of the documents, forms, and transactions since these can be of utmost importance. So, “Attention to Detail” culture fits well to accounting firms.

Yanıt Açıklaması: There are two forms of authority: line authority and staff authority. Line authority takes the form of the employer-employee relationship that moves from top to bottom according to the chain of command. Staff authority on the other hand, is created to assist, support, and advise the work of line managers. The correct answer is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Internal control consists of a set of rules, procedures and organizational structures which aim to: Protect the company’s assets against waste, fraud, and inefficiency. Ensure the reliability and integrity of accounting and operating data. Promote operational efficiency. Ensure that operations comply with all existing rules and regulations.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Core competencies are unique strengths, that are deeply embedded within a company. Core competencies are key for sustainable competitive advantage. Being superior in marketing, in creating algorithms, or in designing products are some examples of core competencies. Companies preserve their core competencies through resources and capabilities: resources reinforce and capabilities orchestrate core competencies. Core competencies leverage company activities, which will lead to competitive advantage.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Transformational leaders differ from others by their charisma and the ability to inspire radical change. Transformational leadership is more than charismatic leadership which is “inspiring and motivating people beyond what they would normally do”. Charismatic leadership is inspiring and motivating people beyond what they would normally do. A transformational leader articulates a vision, transforms the thinking of individuals, brings out their creativity, engages in the organizational atmosphere, and empower followers to accomplish goals, and moreoever reach their full potential.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Internal audit is an essential part of internal control. Internal control system designed by companies for the purpose of efficient and effective business processes, reliable financial reporting and compliance with rules and regulations are assesses through internal audit activities. The internal audit will examine the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal controls and make recommendations where control improvements are needed. Internal auditors are company employees who continuously evaluate the effectiveness of the company’s internal control systems.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Process perspectives focus on peoples’ behaviors which may be affected by environmental factors besides needs. The key point is how to cause employees to repeat or not repeat those behaviors. Some known process perspectives of motivation are equity theory, expectancy theory, and goal setting. Equity theory is concerned with equality in different respects, e.q. pay, promotion etc. and employees are motivated when they feel that they are valued the same way others are.

Yanıt Açıklaması: People-oriented behaviors indicate a supportive approach to subordinates. Managers with this type of orientation dealt with high performance goals and human needs. Today, we must emphasize that the success and effectiveness of different behaviors depend on the necessity of the circumstances which is influenced by constant change. The correct answer is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: The financial perspective reflects a concern that the organization’s activities contribute to improving short and long-term financial performance. The customer perspective helps managers evaluate the question, “How do customers see us?” The internal business processes perspective helps managers address the question, “At what business processes must we excel to satisfy customer and financial objectives?” The organization’s potential for learning and growth perspective helps managers assess the question, “How can we continue to improve and create value?” The learning and growth perspective focuses on three factors: “employee capabilities”, “information system capabilities”, and “the company’s climate for action".

Yanıt Açıklaması: The audiences who can affect or can be affected by the achievement of a company’s objectives are called stakeholders. Stakeholders can be divided into two groups: internal stakeholders and external stakeholders. Internal stakeholders are stockholders, board of directors, executive officers, other managers, and employees. External stakeholders are all other individuals and groups that have some claim on the company.