Introduction to Business

Yanıt Açıklaması: A company performs background investigation to verify that a potential employee is who they claim to be to check a person’s criminal record, education, employment history, and other activities that happened in the past in order to confirm their validity. Checking the license with the licensing authority is a kind of background investigation that a company is likely to carry out before recruiting a candidate. The correct answer is E.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Dealing with human resource issues is not only the HR department’s responsibility. All managers are, in a sense, human resource managers because they all get involved in recruiting, interviewing, selecting, and training their employees. The success of any HRM program requires the cooperation of managers at different levels who must interpret and implement HRM policies and procedures. Even line supervisors select prospective employees, train them, make salary recommendations, and provide performance feedback. Without managerial support, HRM programs cannot succeed. Therefore, human resource managers need to understand clearly how to communicate their policies and procedures to other units of the organization. The correct answer is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Job analysis is the systematic process of getting detailed information about the skills, duties, and knowledge required for performing jobs in an organization. Job analysis provides a summary of a job’s duties and responsibilities, its relationship to other jobs, the knowledge and skills required, and working conditions under which it is performed. A job specification is a document containing the minimum acceptable qualifications that a person should possess in order to perform a particular job. Job specification includes job related information such as educational requirements, experience, personality traits, and physical abilities. The correct answer is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Compensation is the total of all rewards provided employees in return for work and services performed. Internal equity is assured when employees receive pay according to the relative value of their jobs within the same organization. External equity occurs when a firm’s employees receive pay comparable to workers who perform similar jobs in other firms. The compensation program has three components: base compensation, pay incentives, and benefits. The basic compensation that an employee receives, usually as a wage or salary, is called base pay. In addition to the basic wage, organizations that are committed to developing a compensation system may prefer to use incentive pay programs. Pay incentives can be defined as compensations that reward employees for their high performance. Currently, employees expect more than just an hourly wage or salary from their employers; they expect additional considerations that will enrich their lives and support work-life balance. Therefore, many organizations offer benefit programs which are almost 40 percent of the typical total compensation package for employees. A benefit is an indirect reward given to an employee or a group of employees as a part of organizational membership. Training support, discounts for the company’s products, lunch, workplace medical services, and transportation are among benefits that a company provides to its employees. The correct answer is A.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Internal environmental factors are issues that are related with an organization’s internal environment. Internal environmental factors affecting HRM are personal characteristics, job characteristics, and organizational factors. Some of these factors are organizational, e.g. size of the organizations, environmental climate, top management, structure of the organization and the sector, and the characteristics of the industry that the organization operates. Thus, top management of the organization is an internal factor that affects HRM policies of the organization. Number of women in the US workforce and the aging workforce are related with workforce diversity. Labor Law No.4857 in Turkey is a part go governmental regulations. Globalization is a factor that affects economic conditions. these are all external environmental factors. The correct answer is B.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Specific, measurable, achievable and realistic are the characteristics that constitute the SMART principle. However, in this acronym, T refers to time-bound, which means that the target state is described with a time dimension. The correct answer is E.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Employees' motivation is a part of personal characteristics, which is one of the internal environmental factors that affect human resource management. Workforce demographics, technological advancements, economic conditions and government regulations are among external factors. The correct answer is A.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Internal recruiting or hiring from within the organization means using various sources developed and managed inside the organization. Hiring from within the organization generally relies on job posting and employee referrals. One of the best sources for individuals who will perform effectively on the job is a recommendation from a current employee. Many organizations have found that their employees can serve an important role in the recruitment process by actively soliciting applications from their friends and associates. If a company cannot reach new employees by internal recruiting, it needs to open up recruiting activities to outside of the company. A number of methods are available for external recruitment methods. These are advertising, online recruitment, employment agencies, and college recruiting. The correct answer is B.

Yanıt Açıklaması: On-the-job-training (OJT) refers to new or inexperienced employees learning through observing peers or managers performing the job and trying to imitate their behavior. OJT is preferred especially for training newly hired employees, upgrading experienced employees’ skills when new technology is introduced, cross training employees within a department or work unit, and orienting transferred or promoted employees to their new jobs. The most widely used OJT technique is apprenticeship which is a work-study method. Such training is a formal and long term on-the-job-learning. It traditionally involves having the learner/apprentice study under the supervision of a master craftsperson. The forms of training under other options are among off-the-job training methods. The correct answer is D.

Yanıt Açıklaması: Profits are earned when a firm gets larger revenues (the money it brings in from the sales of its goods and services) than expenses (the money it pays out to labor, raw materials and others). If the expenses exceed revenues then the firm experiences a loss.