Final Sınavı - Introduction to Law

Soru 1:

What is the title of the contract signed by parties to establish a new company?

A) Articles of Association B) Shareholder Agreement C) Contract of Shareholders D) Company Contract E) Basic Association

Soru 2:

Society may seek to prevent a criminal from committing other crimes by forcing that person to undergo training, psychological counseling, or some form of moral or social education as to the need for law-abiding patterns of behavior. What is the type of this punishment?

A) General deterrence. B) Specific deterrence. C) Rehabilitation. D) Retribution. E) Incapacitation.

Soru 3:

Which one of statements about theories of punishment is true?

A) Absolute theories of punishment –revenge,retribution, atonement- look back to the past, tothe criminal deed and aim at balancing the harm done. B) Unification focuses on preventing the repetitive behaviours rather than on what has happened before. C) According to relative theories of punishment, society shall threaten to punish and the penalty shall be pronounced and executed with the aim of protecting society against further offenses but all this shall be done in a way adequate to the wrong doers’ guilt. D) Executing a criminal is not the most extreme form of rendering a person incapable of committing future crimes. E) Punishment may not express themoral condemnation of the community and is a lawful means of avenging a wrong.

Soru 4:

Which of the following is not an example of unfair competition?

A) Using trademark of a well-known coffee company on a sign or coffee cup made by a competing coffee roaster B) Stealing "secret recipe" of a hamburger competitor C) Making exaggerated and misleading claims about benefits of a type of food D) Imitating or counterfeiting distinctive peculiarities of an article E) Advertising on social media

Soru 5:

Which of the followings is not one of the types of sub-contractual freedom?

A) Freedom to enter into a contract B) Freedom to determine the court that will settle any dispute arising from a contract C) Freedom to choose the type and subjectmatter of a contract D) Freedom to choose the other party of a contract E) Freedom to withdraw a contract

Soru 6:

I. Semiotic interpretation requires an investigation into the semantic content and the syntactic structure of a provision. II. Genetic interpretation is an inquiry into the meaning of legal terms as intended by the historical legislator.III. Objective-teleological interpretation is an inquiry into the actual intention of the legislator, which is, therefore, a variation of historical interpretation. Which statement(s) is/are true?

A) Only III B) I, II and III C) I and II D) Only II E) II and III

Soru 7:

Which one of the below must be stated in the Articles of Association?

A) The date the company is founded on B) Salaries of the employees C) Dates/frequency of general assembly meetings D) The number of branches and personnel E) Special privileges for persons, if any

Soru 8:

Which one of the following is true about adultery?

A) It is a criminal offense punishable by imprisonment. B) It is a criminal offense punishable by fine. C) It constitues a criminal offense for only men. D) It constitues a criminal offense for only women. E) It does not constitute a criminal offense.

Soru 9:

Which one is an example of an omission that is subject to criminal liability?

A) Not entering a building on fire to save someone B) Not interfering with armed bank robbers C) Not assisting a physically challenged man with his needs D) Not taunting a wild animal to protect a child E) Not going on the road to push someone while a speeding car is about to hit that person

Soru 10:

“A person who is injured or is in danger of suffering damages can ask for ……….on the “unfairness” of the act.” Fill the blank with correct word?

A) Action for declaratory relief B) Termination C) Action for restitution of the unlawful situation D) Action for damages E) Publication of the Judgement

Soru 11:

Which one of statements about objective and subjective element is true?

A) The objective element that describes a voluntary act or omission, refers to the part of the definition of the offense in the statutory law which relates to the actions of the perpetrator and their consequences. B) As a general rule, omission does not attract criminal liability. C) Both civil and common law consist of several offense definitions that do not require an act while giving rise to criminal liability, which is referred to as acts of omission or failure to act. D) A person can not also be held criminally liable for mere nonfeasance when he/she is under a legal duty to avert a particular harmand neglects to fulfill that duty. E) According to the TPC, gross negligence infailing to perform one’s duties may attach criminalliability, if there is a death or serious injury.

Soru 12:

If a debtor becomes insolvent, this insolvency must be resolved for better or worse. Therefore, there are different courses that may be pursued or utilized according to the attributions of the debtor or the debts. Debts may be restructured, bankruptcy may be postponed, or if all else fails, the assets of the debtor may be liquidated and her creditors get to be compensated. Which of the following terms is defined in the above paragraph?

A) Civil procedure B) Complaint procedure C) Individual enforcement D) Collective enforcement E) Attachment

Soru 13:

Which of the followings is the principle that forsees "a person should not be convicted or punished except in accordance with a previously declared offense"?

A) Non-retroactivity principle. B) Principle of maximum certainty. C) Thin-ice principle. D) Principle of strict construction. E) Presumption of innocence.

Soru 14:

The subjective element – also called the mental element- in crime is one of the most significant concepts of substantive criminal law. In general terms, an accused is held liable only if he/she has “…………...”. What is the most appropriate term for the blank given above?

A) Mens rea B) External element C) Actus reus D) Ommisions E) Resbonsibility

Soru 15:

Which of the following in true about legality principles?

A) Acts can be punished based on customs. B) Acts can be punished retroactively. C) Acts can be punished based on morality. D) Statutory prohibition can be extended by analogy. E) Criminal prohibitions must be definite.

Soru 16:

Which of the following statements about the interpretation of contracts is false?

A) The words of a contract should be construed in their grammatical and ordinary senses, except to the extent that some modification is necessary in order to avoid absurdity, inconsistency, or repugnancy. B) If there is something in the context to displace the presumption that it was intended to carry its technical meaning, ordinary meaning should be given to it by the court. C) In the common law of contracts, the expression of a term which the law implies as a necessary part ofIn the common law of contract the contract has no greater effect than the implied term would have had is also employed in interpreting contract D) In the common law of contracts,where the words of a contract are capable of two meanings, one of which is lawful and the other unlawful, the present construction should be preferred is also employed in interpreting contract. E) In the common law of contracts, a contract will be construed so far as possible in such a manner as not to permit one party to it take advantage of his wrong is also employed in interpreting contract.

Soru 17:

How many minimum and maximum partners could a limited liability company have?

A) 2 to 10 B) 1 to 10 C) 3 to 5 D) 2 to 50 E) 1 to 50

Soru 18:

Which one does not count as economical violence?

A) Not giving Money or compulsory requirements B) Preveting a family member who wants to work C) Calling someonewith nicknames like stingy etc D) Confiscating a family members property E) Not giving information about familys financal status

Soru 19:

Which statement about interpretation is false?

A) In the common law tradition, textual interpretation is covered by the term “literal rule". B) The mischief rule in common law is akin to the legislative intent in the civil law tradition. C) If one adopts the subjective theory, the literal and historical interpretation shall absolutely prevail over the teleological interpretation. D) The systematic interpretation is a significant canon of construction in the public law tradition. E) In some areas of law such as criminal law, arguments based on the wording of the norm have strict priority over other canons of interpretation.

Soru 20:

Which article of the CoCP defines the capacity to be a party and makes referral to the Turkish Civil Code?

A) Article 50. B) Article 71. C) Article 81. D) Article 90. E) Article 40.